Congenital Anomalies of breast

Congenital Anomalies of breast

I-Anomalies of Nipple

*Athenia:"very rare"
-Abscence of the nipple.
-Usually associated with abscent breast.

*Polythelia:



-multipple nipples along either or both milk lines "from axilla to groin".
-Incidence 2:6% of human females have accessory nipple.
-DD: cample de morgan spots,mole,or wart.

*Congenital retraction of the nipple:
-It must be dirrerentiated from acquired retraction .
congenital retraction acquired retraction
History since birth recent
Side bilateral unilateral
Mass no breast mass presence of breast mass
Pulling can be pulled can be pulled

-Tretment:
#Frequent pulling of nipple.
#Ashford's operation : purse string suture around the nipple.

II-Anomalies of the Breast

*Amastia: a condition where breast tissue,nipple,areola is absent

NB :Proland syndrome : athelia or amastia is somtimes associated with absent sternal portion of pectoralis major muscle , absence of ribs 2-5 ,deformities of hands or vertebrae. It is more common in males.

*Amazia :
-Abscence of the mammary glang but the nipple and areola remain present (usually unilateral)
-Usually associated with absent sternal portion of major muscle.

*Polymastia:
-Multiple breast may be present along milk line .
-Most common to occur in axilla.
-They may function during lactation.

*Micromazia:
-Small breast.
-TTT: augmentation mammoplasty.

*Macromazia:
-Diffuse hypertrophy of the breast.
-Occur at puberty due to alteration of normal breast sensitivity to estrogen.
-TTT: reduction mammoplasty.

NB;There are 11 possible sites for polymazia on milk line on each side.

*Infantile gynecomastia :
-Diffuse enlargment of male infant breast (unilateral or bilateral)
-Due to effect of circulating maternal sex hormones.
-Usually disappears in 6 months (requires no treatment)